While books about the War in the Atlantic cover the campaign
to sink the Bismark, or the U-boat campaign, little
or no attention is paid to the bitterly-fought campaign
involving the Arctic Convoys. For three years this vital
lifeline helped keep Russia in the fight, and gave her the
tools she needed to stand her ground against the German
onslaught on the Eastern Front. In late 1943 these convoys
were the life-blood of the Allied war effort in Europe.
That summer a powerful German surface force gathered in
the Altenfjord, near the northernmost tip of Norway. From
this secure base it could strike against these convoys,
and the British had precious few resources to spare as convoy
escorts. However, in September the battleship Tirpitz
was attacked and put out of action by British midget submarines,
and the pocket battleship Lutzow was sent home to
Germany for a refit. That left the battlecruiser Scharnhorst.
The man commanding this German surface force was Admiral
Bey, who was under severe pressure from Hitler and his superiors
to show results, and to relieve the pressure on the Eastern
Front. This made a face-saving sortie by the Scharnhorst
inevitable.
Then, in late December German aircraft spotted a new Arctic
Convoy - Codenamed JW55B - which was bound for Murmansk.
Admiral Bey was ordered to attack. However, the British
were well aware of his plans - the convoy was little more
than bait, as lurking behind it, and hidden by a storm front
lay two naval forces - one of which was led by Admiral Fraser,
commander of the British Home Fleet, who flew his flag in
the battleship powerful HMS Duke of York. Little
did he know it but the Scharnhorst was sailing into
a trap.
What followed was as the Battle of North Cape -
a series of moves and countermoves made by the two naval
adversaries in the days surrounding Christmas 1943. this
was a battle fought in almost complete darkness and in the
teeth of a raging gale. Ultimately radar and superior numbers
played their part. Surrounded by her enemies, and pummelled
by shells and torpedoes, the battlecruiser Scharnhorst
finally slipped beneath the cold raging waters of the Barents
Sea, taking almost 2,000 man of her crew down with her.
This book tells the story of this largely forgotten but
pivotal naval battle - it was the last surface duel between
battleships in the history of naval warfare.
Renowned naval historian Angus Konstam shows how the hopes
of the German Navy went down with this last great ship.
He also examines the performance of Admiral Fraser and Admiral
Bey, and argues that Admiral Fraser should be acclaimed
among the ranks of Britain's great fighting admirals.